1. How Safe Is It to Speak Up?

The Openness Index shows that the ability to speak freely, protest, or report news varies dramatically depending on where you live. For example, in some states, citizens can question leaders without fear. In others, even a tweet or news story can lead to harassment, arrest, or intimidation. Therefore, democracy should not depend on your address — but in practice, it often does. Why it matters: If people are afraid to speak, issues in communities go unreported, and authorities may act without accountability.

2. Can Citizens Participate in Decisions That Affect Them?

Many states have legal frameworks claiming to protect freedom of expression and assembly. However, citizens frequently encounter censorship, harassment, or legal threats when exercising these rights. The Freedom of Expression guide highlights a persistent gap between law on paper and lived experience. Real freedom requires not only formal protections but also effective enforcement and institutional support. Practical tip: Attend town hall meetings and community forums where possible, or support local advocacy groups to amplify your voice.

3. Do Citizens Have Access to Information?

Police and security agencies control much of public life. For instance, they arrest journalists, and break up protests. As a result, security forces often act as gatekeepers, deciding what people can say or do publicly. Moreover, these actions reduce public trust in government institutions. Why it matters: Limited transparency can allow corruption and mismanagement to persist unnoticed. Tools like the Open Government Partnership – Nigeria can help you access information.

4. Is Justice Fair and Accessible for Everyone?

Many state governments do not consistently publish budgets or respond to information requests. This makes it difficult for you to understand how public funds are spent or how decisions affecting your community are made. Without access to clear, reliable information, holding leaders accountable becomes challenging. More on this in the World Bank Open Government resources.

5. Are All Groups Included?

Women, youth, and marginalized populations face underrepresentation and harassment. Excluding these groups weakens public debate and reduces diverse perspectives in decision-making. Civil society organizations play a key role in advocating for inclusion. Why it matters: When half of society can’t fully participate, decisions fail to reflect everyone’s needs. Support inclusive policies and organizations advocating for underrepresented groups.

6. What Can Citizens Do to Protect Their Freedoms?

• Participate in local governance meetings and community discussions.

• Support independent media and civil society organizations.

• Promote inclusive participation for women, youth, and marginalized groups.

• Stay informed and verify information through reliable sources.